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KMID : 1140120100150010019
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Cancer Prevention Research
2010 Volume.15 No. 1 p.19 ~ p.27
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Overview of the Potential Roles of Selenium and Other Antioxidants in Radioprotection
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Park Jee-Yeon
Lee Sang-Min
Lee Ju-Han
Seo Young-Rok
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Abstract
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Radiotherapy is one of the most effective tools for anticancer treatment. However, one of the main problems of radiotherapy is that radiation damages normal cells adjacent to the tumor. It can result in adverse side effects including organ system dysfunction and mutagenesis. Therefore, the role of radioprotective agent is important in clinical therapy in order to protect the normal tissues from radiation injury. It is well-known that the enhanced production of ROS is one of the main factors to cause injury in the process of ionizing radiation. Since Patt et al. reported in 1949 that thiol amino acid, cysteine protected rats from lethal dose of X-rays, various kinds of synthetic thiol compounds have been shown to have protective effects from ionizing radiation. However, these agents accompany with adverse effects such as nausea, vomiting because of their toxicity. Thus the development of radioprotective agents with lower toxicity and an extended window of protection have attracted much attention. In this regard, many naturally occurring antioxidants exhibit a protective effects including post-irradiation protection against lethality and mutagenesis with lower toxicity. In this review, we focused on the radioprotective efficacy and its mechanism of naturally occurring antioxidants including selenium, vitamin E and melatonin based on existing reports.
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KEYWORD
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Antioxidant, Radiotherapy, Reactive oxygen species, Selenium, Vitamin E, Melatonin
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